Assessment of Antibacterial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Ziziphus Oenoplia Against Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens
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Abstract
Introduction: Ziziphus oenoplia belongs to tropical and subtropical Asia and Australia. This flowering plant has been used as medicine by people for centuries. It produces ziziphines or cyclopeptide alkaloids which find its applications in Ayurvedic medicine in India. Country folks use the stems, bark, fruits, and leaves to cure illnesses such as pain, wounds, high blood pressure, swelling, as a diuretic, and antibiotic. Urinary Tract Infection is a common bacterial disease in humans and in hospitals.The principal etiological agent of UTI is usually Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Literature has reported that AgNPs have activity against pathogenic bacteria both in vivo and in vitro. AgNPs are effective against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria, including multi drug resistance ones. The aqueous extract of the leaves of Ziziphus oenoplia has a dual role in the formation and stabilization of small silver crystals of the order of 10 nm. The extract also exhibited potent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumonia.
Aim: The study "Assessment Of Antibacterial Activity Of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Ziziphus Oenoplia Against Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens" aims to assess the antibacterial activity of ziziphus oenoplia mediated silver nanoparticles against Urinary tract infection pathogens.
Materials And Methods: In this study , the plant extract was prepared from the powder of Ziziphus oenoplia leaves. This encompasses collection of leaf ,washing, and drying, followed by grinding into fine powder. This fine powder is then added to the distilled water, followed by heating for 15 to 20 minutes to get the necessary constituents. Later, it is filtered using Whatman's filter paper No1. Silver nanoparticles synthesized using this plant extract are non toxic and eco friendly. The extract is then added with 1 mm of silver nitrate solution (AgNO3) and heated at 60°C. The formed AgNPs are harvested by centrifugation at 8000 rpm for 10 minutes after 2 days and dried in the form of pellets for further applications. In vitro bioactivity of the synthesized silver nanoparticles is tested through an Agar well diffusion technique. Mueller Hinton agar plates are prepared and autoclaved at 121°C. Spreading the bacterial suspension on the plates, wells of 9 mm in diameter were made. Silver nanoparticles were added in different concentrations (25, 50, and 100 μg/mL). The antibiotic Amoxyrite was used as a control.
Results: As the concentration of the extract increases, the zone of inhibition also increases thereby exhibiting excellent antibacterial activity against various UTI pathogens. The time kill kinetic analysis also confirms the effective antimicrobial activity of the plant extract.
Conclusion: These results demonstrate the potential of AgNPs as efficient and eco-friendly substitutes, implying their potential use in enhancing UTI health management plans in the future. To validate these results in a clinical setting and investigate their wider implications further research is definitely advised.