Fetomaternal Outcome in Pregnant Women with Abnormal OGTT in Tertiary Hospital: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract

Introduction Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance of variable degree with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. One fourth of the pregnant women in Asia and 3-35% pregnant women in India are affected by GDM. Uncontrolled GDM causes various maternal and foetal complications.

Objectives ▪ To know the incidence of GDM in pregnant women attending AIMSRC in OPD and IPD visits. ▪ To know the maternal and fetal outcome in pregnant women with abnormal OGTT.

Methods It is a retrospective observational study done among the 46 pregnant women with deranged OGTT levels over a period of 6 months These women were studied regarding antenatal complications, mode of delivery, post-natal complications, neonatal complications and neonatal outcome.

Results: In this study, we have studied 360 women. Among them, 46 (12.7%) women had abnormal OGTT readings. Out of them 11 (23.9%) had pre-eclampsia, 10 (21.7%) had UTI, 5 (10.8%) had abnormal labour, 11 (23.9%) had PPH. Whereas 20 (41.6%) of the neonates required NICU admissions, 17 (35.4%) had RDS, 2 (4.2%) had hypoglycaemia, 3 (6.2 %) had neonatal sepsis.

Conclusions: Pregnancies complicated with abnormal OGTT exhibit increased adverse maternal and foetal Complications as compared to non-complicated pregnancies. Women with abnormal OGTT benefit from close glucose monitoring and early initiation of treatment either with OHA or insulin administration.