Recent Advances in Local Drug Delivery

Abstract

Periodontitis is characterized by destruction of periodontal ligaments by inflammatory process leading to development of periodontal pockets, loss of attachment and the resorption of the alveolar bone that results in breakdown of the teeth's supporting structures. The development of various microorganisms, especially anaerobes, in the pockets leads to periodontitis by triggering the immune system and producing toxins and enzymes. To effectively treat periodontitis, a variety of local and systemic strategies have been employed. Reducing or removing pockets, bleeding on probing (BOP), and bacterial biofilm are all necessary for a successful course of treatment. Nowadays, a promising approach to treating periodontitis is the use of local drug delivery systems (LDDSs) as an adjuvant therapy to scaling and root planing (SRP). By regulating medication release, LDDSs increase efficacy and reduce side effects. The key to a successful periodontitis treatment strategy is choosing the right bioactive agent and administration method. In order to identify present issues and potential avenues for future study, this review concentrates on the use of various LDDSs and its recent advances with different properties in the treatment of periodontitis, whether or not systemic diseases are present.