Comparison of Solubility, Ph Change and Calcium Ion Release from Newly Developed Bioceramic Ceremagnum Plus with Commercially Available MTA Angelus-An Invitro Study

Abstract

Background: Bioinductive materials such as Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) and newly formulated alternatives like Ceremagnum Plus play a pivotal role in regenerative endodontics. This study aimed to compare the calcium ion release, pH, and solubility profiles of Ceremagnum Plus and MTA Angelus to evaluate their potential in clinical applications.

Materials and Methods: Calcium ion release was measured using a calcium ion-selective electrode (ISE) connected to an Orion Star A210 meter, calibrated with 0.01 M and 0.1 M standards. The test solutions were incubated at 37°C, and readings were recorded at 0 hr, 30 min, and 1 hr, with results expressed in ppm. pH was evaluated after immersing set samples in Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) for 3 hours using a calibrated pH meter. Solubility was assessed using stainless steel ring molds containing the test materials, and weight loss was calculated at 30 minutes and 1 hour using the standard formula:

Results: Ceremagnum Plus exhibited a higher mean pH (13.83 ± 0.29) compared to MTA Angelus (12.00 ± 0.50), suggesting enhanced alkalinity and potential for stimulating hard tissue formation. On Day 1, MTA Angelus showed greater calcium ion release (0.25 ± 0.0707 ppm), whereas Ceremagnum Plus demonstrated a significantly higher sustained release by Day 7 (5.5 ± 0.71 ppm vs. 2.5 ± 0.71 ppm), indicating prolonged bioactivity. Regarding solubility, Ceremagnum Plus showed lower mean solubility at both 30 minutes (2.10 ± 1.54%) and 1 hour (2.72 ± 0.96%) compared to MTA Angelus (1.06 ± 0.27% at 30 minutes, 2.13 ± 0.53% at 1 hour), reflecting greater dimensional stability and water resistance.

Conclusion: Ceremagnum Plus demonstrated superior long-term calcium ion release, higher alkalinity, and lower solubility compared to MTA Angelus. These characteristics suggest enhanced bioactivity, antibacterial potential, and long-term stability, making Ceremagnum Plus a promising material for endodontic applications requiring sustained healing and sealing capabilities.