Colour Stability of Non-Cavitated Labial Enamel Lesion Treated by Resin Infiltration Technique with and Without Remineralization in Permanent Anterior Teeth- A Clinical Study

Abstract

Background: White spot lesions (WSLs) from fluorosis, enamel hypoplasia, or early caries are common esthetic concerns in children. Resin infiltration is a minimally invasive option, but color stability may vary by lesion type. The adjunctive use of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) could enhance outcomes, though evidence is limited.

Aim: To assess the 12-month color stability of non-cavitated WSLs of different etiologies treated with resin infiltration alone or with CPP-ACP.

Methods: A prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted on 90 anterior teeth from 25 children (7–13 years) with non-cavitated WSLs. Teeth were grouped by etiology (fluorosis, hypoplasia, caries) and subdivided into two subgroups (n=15 each): resin infiltration alone or resin infiltration with CPP-ACP. Spectrophotometric color change (ΔE) was recorded at baseline, immediately post-treatment, and at 1, 2, 6, and 12 months. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test.

Results: Only the hypoplastic group treated with resin infiltration alone showed significant color change over time (p=0.007). At six months, intergroup differences were significant (p=0.049), though post hoc analysis revealed no pairwise significance. Carious lesions treated with combination therapy demonstrated the most stable ΔE over 12 months. Fluorosed and hypoplastic lesions showed variable and less predictable outcomes.

Conclusion: Resin infiltration provides varying color stability across lesion types. Adjunctive CPP-ACP enhances outcomes in carious WSLs but has limited benefit for fluorosed and hypoplastic lesions. Lesion structure and resin penetration dynamics may influence long-term esthetic success