Morphogenesis of Anterior Cruciate Ligaments on Both the Knee Joints in Adult Indian Population and Its Surgical Approaches

Abstract

Background: The femur and tibia are firmly attached to the band-like Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) and Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) by collagen fibres. Because they are contained within their own synovial sheath, they are regarded as extra-capsular. The ACL stabilises the knee joint and serves as a passive constraint for the tibia with respect to the femur. PCL serves as the main barrier against posterior tibial translation and is regarded as an active and primary stabiliser of the knee joint. Because of their attachment, which will be helpful in surgical approaches, anatomical knowledge is required. This article reviews the knowledge of ligament restoration and reconstruction.

Aim : The objective is to investigate the relationship between the overall length of the right knee joint's anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL).

Materials and Procedures: The cross-sectional study was carried out on MDBASMC, Deoria. Twenty  patients were used in the investigation, and a digital caliper was used to assess the lengths of the ACL and PCL. The outcome of the right knee's ACL and PCL measured 29.51 ± 38.9. Using SPSS, the p-value was determined to be p=0.0011. The parametric distributions of both ligaments showed a positive association, as indicated by the Pearson's correlation (r) value of 0.2098.

Conclusion : The restoration and grafting of ligaments in any kind of avulsion require       accurate understanding, which will help orthopaedic surgeons guide their patients towards        correct ligament restoration.