Correlation of Biochemical Parameters among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Jordan

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels resulting from insufficient insulin utilization or production. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) poses substantial risks to various bodily systems, particularly the cardiovascular system.

Objectives: To investigate the role of biochemical parameters with T2DM in Jordanian patients.     

Methods: Forty normal, healthy controls (24 males and 16 females) and 120 T2DM patients (73 males and 47 females) were recruited from the Islamic hospital in Amman for this study. Standard laboratory tests, including Glycated Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), Insulin (INS), Homeostasis Model Assessment 2 (HOMA2), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), creatinine, Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR), Alanine Transaminase (ALT), Cholesterol (CHT), Triglycerides (TRG), High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL), and CHT/HDL ratio, were conducted.

Results: Significant difference was recorded in different variables in male and female. The levels of serum HbA1c, FPG, INS, HOMA2, CRP, ALT, CHT, TRG, and HDL showed significant increase in T2DM patients as compared to control group (P<0.0001), whereas the levels of  Creatinine, eGFR and LDL showed no significant in patients with T2DM compared to control subjects ( P >0.05 ).

Conclusions: Many biochemical parameters can be increased as well as correlated in T2DM. Insulin levels, insulin resistance, CHT, TRG, and CHT/HDL ratio can be elevated significantly while others such as LDL can be decreased. Correlation was seen between parameters such as blood sugar and lipid profile assuming that they are important in diagnosis and follow up of T2DM.