Evaluation of Platelet Indices in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a growing global health concern, marked by chronic high blood sugar, leading to complications like cardiovascular and cerebrovascular issues. The disease worsens platelet function, increasing thrombotic risks. Platelet indices such as mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR) are vital for assessing thrombosis and identifying vascular complications in DM patients.

Aim & Objective:1.To establish a relationship between platelet indices and the early detection of complications in type 2 DM. 2. To compare platelet indices in diabetic and non-diabetic patients, between those with good and poor glycemic control, with the duration of diabetes, and BMI.

Methods:  Case control study. Study setting: Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad specifically in the Central Clinical Laboratory, Pathology Department

Study duration:  From 1 August 2023 to 1 August 2024

Study population: 76 diabetic patients and 76 healthy controls such cases were included in the study

Sample size: 152

Result:   No significant finding among age and gender distribution but statistically significant change was seen in MPV (<0.001), PDW (<0.001), and P-LCR (<0.001) values among diabetic than healthy control and more poorly controlled diabetic and patients with high BMI, i.e., obese patients.

Conclusions: This study highlights the increased prevalence of complications in diabetic patients and the higher platelet activation in obese individuals. Platelet indices are easily accessible and useful for detecting potential risks in diabetic patients.