An in Vivo Assessment of Effects of Smoking on Alveolar Bone Loss in Implants in Post Operative Phases: A Clinical (Original Research) Study

Abstract

Aim: The ultimate aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate the effects of smoking on alveolar bone loss in implants in post operative phases.

Materials & Methods: The present study was conducted on 24 patients those selected from the department. Both male and female patients were included in the study in the age range of 24-40 years. After successful placement of the implant, the alveolar bone around implants was assessed. This evaluation was performed on the basis of radiological details created by Cone Beam Computed Tomography after 30 days. Group one has assessment conducted after 30 days on 12 smoker patients. Group two has assessment conducted after 30 days on 12 non-smoker patients. Presented bone heights were noticed and compared to calculate actual crestal bone loss. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant (p< 0.05).

Statistical Analysis and Results: Statistical analysis was completed by using statistical software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22. 8 patients were in the age range of 24-28 years. Therefore we can believe that most of the participating patients were in younger age groups. P value was noticed to be very significant here. The calculated value was 0.01. P value was also highly significant for the participants of the age range 34-37 years. In group 1, maximum bone heights were seen at distal side while minimum bone height was seen at buccal side of implants. P value was noticed to be very significant at mesial side. The calculated value was 0.01. For One-Way ANOVA, p value was very significant.

Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, authors concluded that smoking has deleterious effects on overall mean bone levels around implants. The overall mean bony levels were high in non-smokers when compared with smokers. Maximum bone level was seen at distal surface and minimum bone level at lingual surface.