Evaluation of 4 Different Methods of Working Length Determination

Abstract

The long-term success of root canal treatment depends upon the relationship between instrumentation, obturation procedures, and the complex anatomy of the apex.1 Determination of working length is one of the most critical steps in endodontic therapy and a clear understanding of the morphology of the root canal system, including the apex, is imperative. Working length is defined in The Glossary of Endodontic Terms as “Distance from a coronal reference point to the point, at which canal preparation and obturation should terminate.”2 The cleaning, shaping, and obturation of the root canal system cannot be accomplished accurately unless the working length is determined precisely.2The anatomical apex is the tip or the end of the root determined morphologically, whereas the radiographic apex is the tip or the end of the root determined radiographically  The anatomical apex is the tip or the end of the root determined morphologically, whereas the radiographic apex is the tip or the end of the root determined radiographically.2 The cemento-dentinal junction has been recommended as an ideal apical termination for root canal preparation. It is located approximately 1 mm away from the apical foramen. An apical constriction usually occurs in the region of the cemento-dentinal junction and is the narrowest portal of entry of the pulpal vasculature from the periapical tissues.