Efficacy of Topical Nanoparticle-Based Sunscreens in UV Protection

Abstract

Background: Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation is linked to serious health risks such skin cancer and photoaging. Sunscreens are essential for reducing these dangers, but conventional formulations don't always offer complete UV protection. Nanoparticle-based sunscreens have been created as a result of recent advances in nanotechnology, and they may provide better UV protection. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of sunscreens based on nanoparticles for UV protection, particularly those that comprise zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles.

Methods: In vitro and in vivo tests were performed to evaluate skin erythema reduction, photostability, UV radiation absorption reduction, and UV absorption spectra. Results from five sunscreen formulations were compared to those from conventional sunscreens.

Results: In both in vitro and in vivo experiments, nanoparticle-based sunscreens, notably ZnO- and TiO2-based formulations, demonstrated improved UV protection properties. While in vivo research revealed significant decreases in skin erythema and UV radiation absorption, in vitro investigations indicated enhanced UV absorption.

Conclusion: With its extensive UV protection and useful advantages, nanoparticle-based sunscreens represent a promising improvement in sun protection. Research and development in this area can improve skin health, lower the risk of skin cancer, and delay the effects of UV radiation-induced premature ageing.