Psychological Resilience in Times of Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted mental health around the world. The dynamic nature of psychological resiliency, mental health outcomes, and pandemic-related stresses is explored in this longitudinal study both during and after the pandemic.

Methods: In this study, data were gathered at three different time points—baseline (T1), mid-pandemic (T2), and one year after the pandemic (T3)—from a heterogeneous population of 1000 persons. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale was used to measure psychological resilience, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 assessments were used to examine mental health symptoms. Stressors connected to the pandemic were assessed using a unique questionnaire.

Results: Results showed dynamic changes in psychological resilience across time, with declines at T2 (mid-pandemic) and recoveries at T3. The potential for recovery is indicated by the fact that mental health symptoms increased at T2 and decreased at T3, returning to baseline levels. Stressors associated with the pandemic, such as worries about COVID-19 exposure, social isolation, and financial challenges, were widespread and had an impact on resilience and mental health outcomes. The pandemic's loss of loved ones has a long-lasting effect on resilience, emphasising the necessity of professional mourning care.

Conclusion: The study highlights the dynamic nature of psychological resilience and the connection between resilience, mental health, and stressors related to the pandemic during a crisis. Understanding resilience in the face of adversity is crucial for promoting well-being in times of crisis and recovery, with the findings stressing the need for timely support and tailored strategies for those affected by grief, financial hardship, and social isolation.