A Clinicopathological Study of Ulcers on the Lower Limb and its Management

Abstract

Introduction: A rupture of the skin accompanied by erosion of the subcutaneous tissue beneath is called an ulcer. The adjacent muscle and bone may be further compromised by this breach. A full-thickness skin defect that has not significantly re-epithelialized for longer than four weeks is referred to be a chronic ulcer. Wounds with "full thickness depth" and a "slow healing tendency" are referred to as ulcerations. In general, the delayed healing tendency cannot be fully explained by depth and size alone. But brought on by a pathologic reality at the root that must be eliminated in order to promote recovery.

Aims: To research the treatment of lower leg ulcers and its clinic pathological characteristics.

Materials and methods: The present study was a Prospective interventional study. This study was conducted from July 2021-June 2022 at Department of General Surgery, Santosh Medical College & Hospital Ghaziabad. 65 patients were included in this study.

Result: In our study out of 8 patients presented with varicose veins the cause of ulcers is of venous aetiology. The value of z is 1.002. The value of p is < .001. The result is significant at p < .05. In our study 5 patients had Raynaud’s phenomena and the cause of ulcers are of arterial aetiology. The value of z is 0.899. The value of p is < .001. The result is significant at p < .05. In our study out of 21 patients with loss of sensation the causes of ulcers are diabetic followed by arterial and venous aetiology. The value of z is 1.074. The value of p is < .001.

Conclusion: We draw the conclusion that, in addition to adding to the expanding body of information on lower leg ulcers, our clinic pathological investigation emphasizes the significance of a thorough, multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment. Through the implementation of evidence-based treatment options and an attention to the intricate interaction of variables that lead to ulcer formation, our goal is to enhance patient quality of life while mitigating the prevalence of chronic wounds in our communities.