Exploring the efficacy of Aegle Marmelos Fruit Extract as a Therapeutic Agent for Multiple Sclerosis in Animal models

Abstract

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS). There has been a notable increase in reported cases worldwide, where the incidence has doubled over the past three decades. Currently, there is no effective treatment for MS that can reverse axonal damage or promote the remyelination of nerve cells. Strategies focusing on enhancing remyelination of axons are crucial in addressing MS. Aegle marmelos, commonly known as Bael and belonging to the Rutaceae family, is known for its bioactive compounds with studied neuroprotective properties.

Objectives: This study aims to assess the neuroprotective and remyelination effects of Aegle marmelos unripe fruit extract.

Methods: In MS, demyelination leads to memory loss and changes in locomotion due to the degeneration of the myelin sheath around nerve cells. Both In vivo and Ex vivo studies were conducted to evaluate various parameters, including locomotor activity, learning and memory, and Ex vivo assessments such as antioxidant levels and inflammatory markers.

Results: The impact of Hydro Alcoholic Aegle Marmelos Fruit Extract (AMFE) on mice induced with Cuprizone at high (AMHD) and low (AMLD) doses demonstrated increased neuroprotective and remyelination effects compared to the negative control groups.

Conclusions: Our findings indicate enhanced memory and spatial navigation, increased protection against oxidative stress, and improved anti-inflammatory effects. The results suggest that Aegle marmelos extract, particularly AMFE, may offer promising benefits in mitigating the effects of MS by promoting neuroprotection and remyelination.