Prevalence and Treatment of Periodontitis, Dental Caries and Malocclusion in a Known Population

Abstract

Background: This study was conducted to assess the Prevalence and treatment of periodontitis, dental caries and malocclusion in a known population.

Material and methods: The study comprised of 90 subjects. Consent from all the subjects to participate in the study was recorded. All the subjects underwent oral examination. The subjects were aged from 20-40 years. The mean of the subjects was 28.6 years. This examination was carried out in order to assess the prevalence of dental diseases as well as to cure them. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS software.

Results: It was found that 30 subjects had periodontitis, 30 subjects showed dental caries while in remaining 30, malocclusion was evident. Hence, these subjects were divided into 3 groups of 30 subjects each. In this study, there were 56 males and 34 females. There were 21, 12 and 23 males in group 1, 2 and 3, respectively. There were 9, 18 and 7 females in group 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Mild periodontitis was evident in 5 subjects while 10 and 15 subjects showed moderate and severe periodontitis, respectively. The most prevalent kind of malocclusion was Angle class II evident in 23 subjects. While there were only 4 and 3 cases of class I and class III malocclusion, respectively. The subjects with mild periodontitis were instructed to rinse their mouth with warm salt water 3-5 times per day for 3 days. The subjects with moderate periodontitis were treated with scaling and root planning. The subjects with severe periodontitis were planned for flap surgery. The subjects with dental caries were treated with root canal treatment followed by placement of stainless-steel crown. The most common malocclusion in this study was Angle class II malocclusion evident in 23 subjects. In 11 subjects, activator was given to treat class II malocclusion, 7 subjects received Twin Block appliance and the remaining 5 subjects received Jasper Jumper appliance.

Conclusion: There was equal prevalence of periodontitis, dental caries and malocclusion in this study. The most common periodontitis was of severe kind. The most common malocclusion was Angle class II malocclusion. Periodontitis was treated with flap surgery, dental caries was treated with root canal treatment followed by placement of stainless-steel crown and class II malocclusion was treated with myofunctional appliances like activator, twin block appliance and jasper jumper.