Review on Surfactants, Preparation and Their Applications and The Ionic Liquid Base Surfactants as Next Gen

Abstract

Introduction: The evolution of industries and technology across various sectors, including chemical, petrochemical, agrochemical, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics, has been accompanied by continuous advances in science and technology over time. These advancements have utilized natural resources such as fossil fuels, hydrocarbons, and crude oil, contributing to economic growth and improving convenience in our daily lives. However, these developments have also led to detrimental effects on the ecosystem due to the production of harmful by-products, including heavy metals, inorganic substances, and persistent organic compounds, which can adversely impact both land-dwelling and marine ecology.

Objective: This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of ionic liquid-based surfactants (ILBS), including their types, characteristics, advantages, and limitations, with a focus on their potential as "green surfactants" derived from or chemically synthesized from natural raw materials.

Method: The review synthesizes existing literature on ionic liquid-based surfactants, drawing from various sources including research articles, reviews, and academic publications. Relevant databases were searched using appropriate keywords related to ILBS, green surfactants, and their properties. Information on the types, characteristics, advantages, and limitations of ILBS was collected and analyzed to provide insights into their potential applications in the context of environmental sustainability and human health.

Results: Ionic liquid-based surfactants (ILBS) offer promising prospects as green alternatives to traditional surfactants derived from fossil fuel-based products. These surfactants possess unique properties such as low volatility, thermal stability, and tunable physicochemical characteristics, making them suitable for various applications in industries ranging from cosmetics to pharmaceuticals.

Conclusion: In conclusion, ionic liquid-based surfactants (ILBS) represent a promising avenue for addressing the environmental concerns associated with traditional cleaning products. By harnessing the unique properties of ILBS and exploring their potential applications in various industries, it may be possible to transition towards more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. However, concerted efforts are needed to overcome existing challenges and facilitate the widespread adoption of ILBS in commercial applications, thereby contributing to a cleaner and healthier environment for future generations.