Fundamentals of Cyclodextrin Chemistry: Structural Features, Anchoring and Varied Applications

Abstract

Cyclodextrins (CDs) stand as versatile molecules with a rich history and transformative impact across scientific and industrial domains. This review unfolds the captivating evolution of cyclodextrin chemistry, from its discovery in the late 19th century to its current status as indispensable molecular tools. CDs, cyclic oligosaccharides with a torus-like structure, play crucial roles in drug development, offering solutions to challenges related to solubility, permeability, stability, and controlled release. The anchoring of cyclodextrins onto surfaces represents a novel approach, enhancing stability, versatility, and practical applicability. Various anchoring methods, including chemical bonding and physical adsorption, contribute to improved stability and controlled release. Cyclodextrins excel in enhancing drug solubility, dissolution, and bioavailability, reducing toxic effects, and providing controlled drug release. They find applications in diverse industries, including pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics, and environmental sciences. Characterization techniques, such as spectroscopy and chromatography, ensure precise analysis of cyclodextrins and their interactions. This comprehensive exploration underscores the pivotal role of cyclodextrins in advancing drug development and delivery, emphasizing their adaptability and multifaceted contributions.