Comparative Evaluation of Smoking on Primary Stability and Mucosal Health of Implants During and after Osteotomy Phases: An Original Research Study

Abstract

Background and Aim: Failure of dental implants are apparently unavoidable in the clinically since it is directly affected by several factors. Smoking is one of the prominent factors which decreases the periodontal health and hence implant longevity. This study was planned and conducted to assess and explore the effects of smoking on primary stability during and after osteotomy phases. Authors also planned to assess the effects of smoking on mucosal health of implants during and after osteotomy phases.

Materials and Methods: Total 24 patients were studied including both male and female subjects using threaded and osseointegrated implants of identical dimensions. Only one implant per patients was studied in details. Implant primary stability was checked by using electronically driven device Periotest M. Assessment of the effects of smoking on mucosal health of implants was done during and after three month of osteotomy procedure. Clinical signs of periodontal health were checked carefully for it. Statistical analysis was conducted to outline the inferences and results. P value less than 0.05 was taken as significant.

Statistical Analysis and Results: Results confirmed that out of 24 studied patients, 14 were males and 10 were females. In Group 1, effects of smoking on primary stability during osteotomy phases in which mild, moderate and severe effects were notices equally in all three severities. P value was highly significant for severe (n=2). Assessment amongst all studied questions using one-way ANOVA was done. P value was highly significant for evaluation done within groups (0.001). 

Conclusion: Authors concluded smoking has clear and deleterious effect on primary stability during and after osteotomy phases. Findings were significant in patients with severe effects of smoking. Likewise authors also have seen noticeable harmful effects of smoking on mucosal health of implants during and after osteotomy phases.