Allergic Reactions of Aluminum and Vanadium Metals in Titanium Alloys Cognizance among Dentists

Abstract

Introduction: Titanium alloys play a crucial role in dentistry and are utilized for dental implants, prosthetic frameworks, and orthodontic appliances. These alloys frequently incorporate trace amounts of additional elements, such as aluminium and vanadium, to improve their mechanical properties. Allergic reactions to metals, including Titanium alloys, are uncommon but can occur in susceptible individuals. These are typically delayed hypersensitivity reactions, known as type IV or cell-mediated hypersensitivity. Dentists should be aware of a patient's history of metal allergies and consider alternative materials if necessary. Titanium-free or hypoallergenic alternatives may be recommended for individuals allergic to specific metals. Dentists and other medical professionals should stay informed about current research and guidelines to ensure patient safety and provide appropriate treatment options.

Objectives: An online questionnaire study aimed to understand the knowledge of dental implants & allergic reactions among clinical dental practitioners (Institutional & general practice) in Chennai, Tamil Nādu.

Methods: An online-based cross-sectional survey with informed consent was conducted using a simple random method of sampling selection. A self-assessment questionnaire containing basic demographic details and knowledge regarding dental implants and allergy reactions was forwarded to the study population via the web-based online survey. Once completed and submitted, the survey form was stored in the database. Responses were coded and statistically analyzed using Epi Info Software Version 3.5.1.

Results: The result showed that knowledge was extensive among dental practitioners with longer years of experience & postgraduates. Differences existed amongst the study population concerning practice type and implant training.

Conclusions: Better diagnosis and treatment plans are crucial while managing allergic reactions. A thorough history of previous implant failures and metal allergy should be ruled out to provide successful dental implants.