F2-Isoprostanes Reflect the Protection of Black Rice Anthocyanin Nanoparticles for Kidney against Methotrexate-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats

Abstract

Introduction: Anthocyanins are the most antioxidant and prevalent natural colorants.

Objectives: The target of this research was to determine the preventative influence of black rice anthocyanin silver nanoparticles (An-AgNPs) as naturally occurring antioxidants against methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity and protect F2-Isoprostanes.

Methods: Characteristics of An-AgNPs were identified by X-ray and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Albino rats were divided into five groups (negative control (NC): fed on basel diet, positive control (PC): injected with only one dose of methotrexate (20 mg/kg.b.w) intravenously, and three other groups injected  by only one dose of MTX (20 mg/kg, b.w) and taken orally separately with An-AgNPs at 10, 15, and 20 mg/kg, b.w/ day, respectively. F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs) malondialdehyde (MDA), and catalase (CAT) were measured, also the histological changes of kidney tissues were studied.

Results: The results indicated that PC group have considerably lower levels of the enzymatic antioxidant CAT, as well as higher MDA and F2-IsoPs compared to NC group. The renal nephrotoxicity in groups 4 and 5 which taken orally An-AgNPs 15, and 20 mg/kg.b.w respectively revealed improvement in the kidney functions' findings. It was discovered that the renal improvement was nearly or exactly the same as that of healthy rats (NC). Furthermore, Histopathological data that demonstrated the curative impact of groups 4 and 5 keep away from kidney impairment and kidney fibrosis against nephrotoxicity caused by methotrexate provided additional support for previously these findings. An-AgNPs at 15, and 20 mg/kg, b.w improved kidney function and enzyme activity, as could be seen from the obvious findings.

Conclusions: As a result, it could be advised that black rice is a reliable source for overall wellness and improved health.