Clinical Profile of Patients with Pseudo-Exfoliation Syndrome Undergoing Small Incision Cataract Surgery

Abstract

Background and Aim: Pseudoexfoliation (PXF) syndrome is an age-related process of unknown etiology characterized by the deposition of distinctive fibrillar material in the anterior segment of the eye. The material is commonly deposited in the anterior chamber, angle of the eye, iris, trabecular meshwork, anterior capsule of the lens, and also the cornea. The current study set out to determine the prevalence of pseudoexfoliation in all patients aged 40 and above, as well as the degree of pseudoexfoliation's involvement in the eyes.

Material and Methods: The current study is a cross-sectional analysis hospital-based study conducted at the ophthalmology department of the medical college and its affiliated hospital. There were hundred patients in the research. The professionals in the field of the research issue produced the structure questioner. Sociodemographic information about the patient, including age, sex, and a thorough medical history, was noted. The following were included in the visual clinical examination: Visual Acuity testing utilizing Snellen's chart to determine the distance to and proximity to an object, Refraction, An external examination of the eyes and Biomicroscopy with Slit Lamp. Intraocular Pressure (IOP) was measured using an on-contact tonometer following surgery.

Results: Fifty Six patients had bilateral distribution, 44 patients had unilateral pseudo exfoliation material. Four of the individuals had an IOP between 11 and 13 mmHg. Twenty-two patients had an IOP ranging from 13 to 15 mmg. There were 4 patients with an IOP in the range of 15–17 mmHg and 48 patients with an IOP in the range of 17–19 mmHg. Twenty-two patients fell between 19 and 21 mmHg in the IOP range.

Conclusion: Preoperative risk factors such as zonular weakness, inadequate mydriasis, phacodonesis, and subluxation/dislocation of the cataractous lens should be closely monitored in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and cataract scheduled for short incision cataract surgery, as they have the potential to impact the surgical result.