A rehabilitation program to straighten the neck vertebrae and some incorrect head and neck movements for blind players in various sports activities

Abstract

Blindness is one of the common disabilities in society and it is of degrees. There are those who suffer from total blindness, and some of them suffer from partial blindness, with degrees that differ according to the degree of their vision. They classified as being congenital blind, or the disability is urgent, i.e. after birth, specifically after the age of five years. The study will focus on a group of completely blind athletes who have a group of abnormal movements in the neck of the head, as well as some distortions in the straightening of the head due to the loss of vision, and thus the appearance of some incorrect movements. The reason is that the blind does not have the same dynamic skill as the sighted person, which is represented by seeing the shape and movements of the body and then self-correcting them, as we notice a decrease in the level of their life experiences they have compared to the life experiences of ordinary people. The results of scientists' studies and research indicated that the blind have less experience than the sighted. Therefore, this research focused on study the impact of a rehabilitation program that includes a set of exercises and movements using means of correcting head and neck movements of the blind to be similar to the natural movements of the non-blind, and to ensure their integration into society. As well as to avoid permanent distortions in the neck vertebrae and the ligaments and tendons of these vertebrae, which causes future problems in the motor and nervous system of the blind person.