Management of Radicular Cyst Using Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP), Apicectomy, and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) in the Maxillary Anterior Region: A Case Report

Abstract

Introduction: Radicular cysts are the most prevalent inflammatory odontogenic cysts, accounting for approximately 52%–68% of jaw cysts. Although typically asymptomatic and incidentally detected, secondary infection may lead to clinical symptoms requiring intervention. Management is dictated by lesion size and severity, ranging from nonsurgical endodontic therapy to surgical approaches such as enucleation or decompression.

Objectives: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of a combined surgical and regenerative approach in the management of a large infected radicular cyst in the maxillary anterior region, with emphasis on the role of platelet-rich plasma (PRP).

Methods: A 51-year-old male presented with a symptomatic periapical lesion associated with teeth 21 and 22. Following diagnostic confirmation, a multidisciplinary approach was employed, including root canal therapy, cyst enucleation, apicectomy, and retrograde mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) filling. Autologous PRP was applied to the osseous defect to enhance healing and regeneration

Results: Postoperative healing was uneventful, with significant clinical improvement and satisfactory soft tissue healing. Radiographic evaluation demonstrated progressive bone regeneration. No recurrence was observed during follow-up.

Conclusions: The integration of PRP with conventional surgical management offers a predictable and biologically favourable approach for treating large infected radicular cysts. This strategy enhances tissue regeneration and supports improved clinical outcomes.