New Generation Biomaterials in Peri-Implantitis Management: A Paradigm Shift in Therapeutic and Regenerative Strategies - A Narrative Review

Abstract

Introduction: Peri-implantitis, a biofilm-induced inflammatory condition, leads to progressive peri-implant bone loss and remains a major cause of implant failure. Conventional mechanical and chemotherapeutic approaches show limited success in achieving long-term stability and true tissue regeneration. Advances in biomaterial science have introduced next-generation materials with multifunctional properties that combine antimicrobial action, immunomodulation, and guided bone regeneration.

Objectives: To evaluate the current evidence on the therapeutic and regenerative potential of next-generation biomaterials in peri-implantitis management.

Methods: An electronic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases (2010–2025). Systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, and preclinical studies on biomaterials with antimicrobial and osteogenic properties were analysed for clinical and regenerative outcomes.

Results: Emerging biomaterials, including ion-releasing ceramics, nanostructured coatings, and bioactive hydrogels, demonstrated significant antimicrobial effects, modulation of host response, and enhanced osseointegration. Smart, stimuli-responsive systems and AI-assisted scaffold designs further improved regenerative predictability.

Conclusions: Next-generation biomaterials mark a paradigm shift from conventional decontamination to biologically driven peri-implant regeneration. Their integration of nanotechnology and digital design offers a promising, evidence-based approach toward personalized and durable peri-implant therapy.