Assessment Of Humeral Length From Morphometric Measurement Of Its Segments

Abstract

Background: The humerus plays a significant role in forensic and anthropological investigations, particularly in estimating bone length through segmental measurements.As one of the strongest long bones, it often remains useful for identification even when fragmented.

Objective: To measure the morphometry of different segments of the humerus by using Hepburn’s osteometric board, scales and digital vernier calipers.

Methods:In this study,80 dry humeri (37 left & 43 right) were examined. Maximum humeral length (MHL) and seven other segments were measured. The mean values of MHL and all individual segments were calculated, and the obtained data were used to derive regression equations.

Results:The mean MHL was 29.87 ± 1.78cm on the left side and 29.98 ± 1.59cm on the right side.A significant positive correlation was observed between MHL and segmental measurements H2, H3, H4, H6 and H7 (p < 0.05) on the left side, and H2, H3, H4, H7 (p < 0.05) onthe right side. Regression equations were derived to estimate maximum humeral length from segmental measurements on both sides.

Conclusion:The humerus is useful for forensic identification even when fragmented. Segmental correlations and regression equations allow reliable estimation of maximum humeral length, particularly in cases involving incomplete or commingled skeletal remains in medico-legal investigations