Prevalence Of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) In India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Background

Methicillin is a therapeutic agent developed for the management of infections caused by penicillin-resistant S. aureus. Later, MRSA emerged as the most important nosocomial pathogens worldwide. According to various research, the incidence of MRSA ranges from 21% to 45% among the Indian population. The prevalence of CA-MRSA keeps increasing gradually, whereas there is a reduction in the prevalence of HA-MRSA because of regular practice of GCP in hospital settings. This systematic review was directed to assess the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in India and analyze the challenges in diagnosis and management of MRSA in India.

Methods

The present systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-P statement 2015. Several databases such as PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched for studies published from January 2008 to December 2018 in the English language, confer to the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of included studies was assessed in accordance with MOOSE guidelines for assessing the risk of bias. Statistical analysis was analyzed using the 1.3.1073 version of RStudio software package. The results were presented as OR and 95% CI to measure the association between PPI and NON-PPI.

Results

Epidemiological studies of MRSA assessed in different geographical locations of India were included. A total of 17 studies involving 30618 patients were included in the study. The prevalence of MRSA infection was 37.34%. MRSA prevalence was higher in northern India when compared to other parts of India. The degree of significance was found to be high.

Conclusion

Our meta-analysis reports that there is an increase in the prevalence of MRSA in India (37.34%) when compared to other Asian countries. A futuristic approach towards the development of rapid diagnostic tests for MRSA screening will be beneficial for its early management.