Diagnostic Accuracy of CT Scan Findings in the Evaluation of Ovarian Carcinoma
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Abstract
Background: Ovarian cancer is one of the deadliest gynecologic malignancies worldwide, often diagnosed at advanced stages due to vague and nonspecific early symptoms. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of CT scan features in differentiating malignant from benign ovarian tumors.
Methods: This cross-sectional study at the Department of Radiology and Imaging, Bangladesh Medical University and the National Institute of Kidney Diseases and Urology, Bangladesh (July–December 2021) included 100 patients with suspected ovarian tumors. Patients underwent contrast-enhanced multidetector CT, and imaging features were compared with histopathology. Data were analyzed in SPSS v25 to calculate sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy, with p < 0.05 considered significant.
Results: In 100 ovarian tumors, 60 were malignant and 40 benign. CT detected solid components in 55 malignant versus 10 benign, papillary projections in 48 versus 5, septations >3 mm in 40 versus 8, ascites in 35 versus 4, and peritoneal implants in 20 malignant with none in benign (p < 0.001). Overall CT performance was 91.7% sensitivity, 85.0% specificity, 90.2% PPV, 87.2% NPV, and 89.0% accuracy. Solid components showed highest sensitivity, peritoneal implants had 100% specificity and PPV, while other features had moderate-to-high sensitivity and specificity.
Conclusion: CT scan is a reliable tool for differentiating malignant from benign ovarian tumors, with specific imaging features strongly correlating with histopathological findings.