Nanocarriers and Bioadhesive Systems for Enhanced Cosmeceutical Efficacy

Abstract

Cosmeceuticals are cosmetic-pharmaceutical’s hybrid that has recently experienced a fast development proclaiming to combine aesthetic enhancement with therapeutic effectiveness. This review investigates the historical development, physiological targets, and scientific mechanism that lies behind cosmeceutical applications via skin and mucosal routes. Active ingredients like retinoids, peptides, anti-oxidants, and botanical extracts have multi-fold effects such as anti-aging, pigment control, wound healing, and disposition of hair. The review explores into transdermal and mucosal delivery routes, exploring new technologies such as nanocarriers, microneedles hydrogels and bio adhesive formulations that optimize bioavailability and specific action. Moreover, the therapeutic significance of cosmeceuticals in dermatological problems – acne, psoriasis, rosacea, hyperpigmentation is discussed in specific for different skin types. Exosomes, plant-based compounds, and multifunctional agents are all indicative of how the field is changing into personalized and sustainable approaches. Existing difficulties associated with regulation are related to ambiguity of category and claim substantiation. however, the rise of the non-animal-testing and AI-integrated systems promise safer individualized alternative to traditional skincare.