Serum Lipid and Glucose Profile Patterns and Their Association with Sociodemographic Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Abnormal lipid and glucose metabolism are major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. These biochemical parameters are influenced not only by biological factors but also by socioeconomic and demographic determinants such as age, gender, education, occupation, and lifestyle patterns.

Aim: To assess serum lipid and glucose profile patterns and determine their association with sociodemographic factors among adults.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 150 adults attending a tertiary care hospital. Sociodemographic data including age, gender, education, occupation, income, and residence were collected using a structured questionnaire. Fasting blood samples were collected to measure fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics were expressed as mean ± SD. Association between variables was assessed using chi-square test and independent t-test, with p <0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results: Dyslipidemia and impaired glucose levels were significantly associated with increasing age, male gender, urban residence, and lower educational status. Elevated triglycerides and LDL levels were more common among individuals with sedentary occupations and higher BMI.

Conclusion: Serum lipid and glucose abnormalities are strongly associated with sociodemographic characteristics. Early screening and targeted lifestyle interventions among high-risk demographic groups may reduce the burden of cardiovascular diseases.