Comparative Impact of Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms on In-Vitro Cancer Cell Viability and Tissue Regeneration
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Abstract
The potential medicinal effects of mushrooms, especially in the treatment of cancer and tissue regeneration, have attracted a lot of attention. Using cell migration assays, this study compares the effects of medicinal and edible mushroom extracts on the survival of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and their influence on tissue regeneration. Based on their bioactive qualities, medicinal Ganoderma lucidium and edible Pleurotus djamor were chosen. The MTT assay was used to synthesize methanolic extracts and assess their cytotoxicity. With IC50 values of 21.46 ± 1.87 µg/mL for Pleurotus djamor and 20.04 ± 3.03 µg/mL for Ganoderma lucidium, both mushroom extracts demonstrated dose-dependent anticancer activity. This is in contrast to the standard chemotherapeutic agent 5-FU, which had an IC50 value of 19.96 ± 2.71 µg/mL. Ganoderma lucidium dramatically increased cell proliferation and wound closure (80% closure), while Pleurotus djamor showed moderate regeneration potential (60% closure), according to assays for cell migration and wound healing. Pleurotus djamor mostly caused apoptosis, whereas Ganoderma lucidium caused both apoptosis and necrosis, according to an examination of apoptosis employing double labeling with acridine orange and ethidium bromide. With Ganoderma lucidium showing more apoptotic potential, these results imply that both edible and medicinal mushroom extracts have promise anticancer qualities and can encourage tissue regeneration. These extracts might be confirmed as effective supplements to traditional cancer treatments by more investigation.