Decoding Sex through Canine Clues: A Forensic Odontology Insight into Mandibular Canines and Intercanine Distance

Abstract

Introduction: This research aims to explore the reliability of using mandibular canine measurements specifically, the mesiodistal crown width and intercanine distance for determining sex in adult individuals. In the field of forensic science, identifying sex based on skeletal remains is essential, especially when traditional means are not possible. Given their high resistance to decay and external damage, teeth often remain intact even in extreme conditions like accidents or natural calamities, making them valuable for forensic identification.

Objectives: The present research aims to explore the accuracy of using mandibular canine mesiodistal width and intercanine distance for sex determination in the population of Jamnagar. This investigation is particularly significant as tooth size and shape are known to vary across populations based on genetic, cultural, environmental, and ethnic backgrounds

Methods: A total of 100 mandibular study casts were examined, comprising an equal number of male and female subjects aged 18 to 30 years. These casts were retrieved from the departmental records of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Jamnagar. Using a digital vernier calliper, precise measurements of the mesiodistal crown width of both mandibular canines and the intercanine distance were obtained. The recorded values were then statistically analysed to identify any significant sex-related differences.

Results: The analysis revealed a noticeable difference between males and females in the dimensions of the mandibular canines, with males generally displaying larger values. These findings underline the presence of sexual dimorphism in these dental features.

Conclusions: Based on the observed data, it can be concluded that both the mesiodistal width of mandibular canines and the intercanine distance serve as reliable markers for determining sex. These dental measurements are particularly useful in forensic cases involving unidentified remains, where teeth may be the only structures available for analysis.