Status of Biodiversity at Wetland Ecosystem of Parvati ARGA wetland (Ramsar Site)

Abstract

Species are known to serve ecosystem in wetlands and protect the healthy environment for humans. Wetlands are most important part of nature which provides a huge range of functions as a source of drinking water for households, erosion control, agricultural purpose, weather stabilizers, flood control, water purification, groundwater source, and detoxification. Irrespective of this, wetlands across the world are facing a lot of challenges like loss in total land, pollutants added by industrialization, ignorance of locals on the value of wetlands, and desertification, which are indirectly degrading wetlands. Number of wetlands has been increased significantly to 37 which are globally important since 1981 when the first site was identified as per Ramsar Convention in 1971. The government of India has made a lot of efforts to protect and conserve wetlands exactly from covering the same as per various environmental acts to devise individual policies and rules related to wetlands, which have been revised again and again. This study conducts a review of recent studies related to status of biodiversity in Parvati Arga wetland. The finding suggests that biodiversity of wetland conserves ecosystem services as well as sustainable environment for conservation of species. Constant tracking of diversity of wetland is recommended as it might help conservation of species in the ecosystem.

Introduction:

Among water and land and most prolific ecosystems worldwide. Wetlands can be manmade or natural like fen, peat land, and marsh. Water under the wetland may be temporary or permanent, brackish or fresh, flowing or static, with marine water areas, and its depth doesn’t exceed 6 meters at low ride [1].

Objectives: Wetlands are the most important and key aspect of nature which provide a wide range of capacities being the reserve of drinking water and hotspot for flood control, revival of ground water, erosion control, stabilizing atmosphere, detoxification, and refinement of water [6].

Methods: There is a huge chunk of Indo-Gangetic plains which have been drained by significant river systems of India in Uttar Pradesh with intersperse of vast natural wetlands. Some of them have become bird sanctuaries. The state is known for climate ranging from scorching hot during summers to chilly and icy winters all the year round with average temperatures from 45°C (highest) to 5°C (lowest) and it receives around 1200mm of average rainfall during southwest monsoon from July to September. Uttar Pradesh has a huge range of bird sanctuaries created for conservation and protection of unique habitats of wetland, aquatic greens, and other wildlife species.

Results: Wetlands are the most important and key aspect of nature which provide a wide range of capacities being the reserve of drinking water and hotspot for flood control, revival of ground water, erosion control, stabilizing atmosphere, detoxification, and refinement of water [6].

Conclusions: The Ramsar Convention is a diplomatic panel which was formed to create a blueprint for the sustainable use and conservation of wetlands. It was named as Ramsar Convention because the first “World Convention on Wetlands” was held in Ramsar city of Iran on February 2, 1971 [6].  The most desired convention was the “Ramsar Convention on Wetland.” Article 1 defines wetland as “the area of fen, marsh, peatland of water, artificial, weather natural, or temporary with flowing water which is salty, brackish or fresh, including regions of marine water and its depth shouldn’t exceed 6 meters at low tides.”