Heavy Metals (Mercury, Lead and Cadmium) Determination in 17 Species of Fish Marketed in Khorramabad City, West of Iran

Authors

1 Department of Food Engineering, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran

2 Food and Beverages Safety Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran

3 Faculty of Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran

Abstract

Heavy metals entrance to fish body tissues and transferring to human body systems after their consuming makes numerous undesirable effects and health problems. The aim of this study was to determine some heavy metals (lead, cadmium and mercury) in fresh fishes marketed in Khorramabad City, west of Iran. In this descriptive study, five samples of 17 fish species with high consumption were purchased randomly in 2014. Measurement of mercury, lead and cadmium was performed using atomic absorption spectrometry. All measurements were performed three times for each sample. Lead mean levels in fish samples was in the range 0.736 -1.005 ppm, cadmium range was from 0.196 to 0.015 ppm and mean content of mercury was  0.431 - 0.107 ppm. At present mean concentration of lead, mercury and cadmium in supplied fishes muscle is lower than maximum recommended levels according to WHO, EC and FDA guidelines. Based on the obtained results of this study and the importance of heavy metals in foods and their impacts on human health, continuous monitoring of heavy metals levels in foods is necessary.

Keywords

References

  1. Emami Khansari F., Ghazi-Khansari M., 2005. Heavy metals content of canned tuna fish. Food Chemistry. 93; 293- 296.
  2. Sengupta A.K., 2002. Principles of Heavy Metals Separation', in AK Sengupta (ed.), Environmental Separation of Heavy Metals: Engineering Processes, Lewis Publishers. Pp. 1ââ‚‌“2.
  3. Landis W.G., Sofield R.M., Yu M.H., 2000. Introduction to Environmental Toxicology: Molecular Substructures to Ecological Landscapes, 4th ed., CRC Press. P. 269.
  4. Filazi A., Baskaya R., kum C., 2003. Metal concentration in tissues of the Black Sea fish Mugil auratus from Sinop-Icliman, Turkey. Human & Experimental Toxicology. www. Hetjournal.com. 22, 85-87.
  5. Agah H., Leermakers M., Elskens M., Fatemi S.M.R., Baeyens W., 2009. Accumulation of trace metals in the muscle and liver tissues of five species from the Persian Gulf. J Environ Monitor Assess. 157, 499-514.
  6. Ahmad A.K., Shuhaimi-Othman M., 2010. Heavy metal Concentration in Sediments and fishes from Lake Chini, Pahang, Malaysia. J Biol Sci. 10(2), 93-100.
  7. Schilcher H., 1983. Contamination of natural products with pesticides and heavy metals. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers. 417-423.
  8. Schilcher H., Peters H., Wank H., 1987. Pestizide und schwermetalle in Arzneipflanzen und Arzneipflanzen-zubereitungen. Pharm Ind. 49, 203-211.
  9. Gosselin R.E., Hodge H.C., 1984. Clinical toxicology of commercial products. London: Williams and Wilkins. 77-84.
  10. Turkmen M., Ciminli C., 2007. Determination of metals in fish and mussel species Byinductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry. J Food Chem. 103, 670ââ‚‌“675.
  11. Vinodhini R., Narayanan M., 2008. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in organs of fresh water fish Cyprinus carpio. J Environ Sci Technol. 5, 179-182.
  12. FAO, 2010. Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics. Food and agriculture organization of the united states, Rome.
  13. Connell D.W., Birkinshaw C.O., Dwyer T.F., 2008. Heavy metal adsorbents prepared from the modification of cellulose: A review. Bioresour Tech. 99, 6709-6724.
  14. Elsagh A., 2010. Determination of some heavy metals in Rutilus frisii kutum and Cyprinus carpio fillet from south Caspian Sea. Veterinary Journal (Pajouhesh & Sazandegi). 89, 33-44.
  15. Khezri P.H., Takhsha M., Aein jamshid K.H., Haghshenas A., 2014. Assesment level of the heavy metals (Pb, Cd Hg) In four fish species of Persian gulf (Bushehr-Iran). Int J Adv Technol Engin Res. 4(2), 34-38.
  16. Rezaee M., Naseri M., Abedi A., Afshar Naderi A., 2005. Heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Mg, Mn, Hg, Cu, Fe) determination of edi ble and nonedible parts of dussumieri in Bushehr port, Iran. Iran J Marine Sci. 4(3, 4), 59-67 (In Persian).
  17. Saeedpour B., Nabavi S.M.B., Sadeegh mortazavi M., Khoshnoud R., 2007. Comparison of Lead and cadmium concentration in muscle tissue of Euryglossa orientalis and Psettodes erumei spieces in Hormozgan province beaches, Iran. J Marine Sci Technol. 2(4), 61-71.
  18. Pour jafar H., Ghasemnejad R., Noori N., Mohammadi Kh., 2014. Heavy metals content of canned tuna fish marketed in Tabriz, Iran. Iran J Vet Med. 8(1), 9-14.
  19. Rownagh M.T., Savari A., Papahn F., Nikpour I., Zolgharnein H., Safahieh A., Salari aliabadi A., 2010. Determination of some heavy metals in muscle, gill and liver of Euryglossa orientalis in the coastal waters of the Hendijan and Daylam. J Marine Sci Technol. 9(1), 13-25 (In Persian).
  20. Gorjipour E., Sadoogh naieri A., Hosseini A., Bita S., 2009. Investigation of some heavy metas accumulation in musle, liver and gills of Epinphelus tauvina fish. Iran J Fishiers Sci. 18(1), 101-108. (In Persian).
  21. Shahab moghdam F., Esmaeli sari A., Valinasab T., Karimabadi M., 2010. Comparison of muscular tissue concentration of Sharpnose stinger (Himantura gerradi) and Bigeye Scade (Selar crumenophthalmus) of the Persian gulf. Iran J Fishiers Sci. 19(2), 85-94. (In Persian).
  22. Velayatzadeh M., Askari sari A., Hosseinzadeh sahafi H., 2014. Determination of Mercury, Cadmium, Arsenic and Lead in muscle and liver of Liza dussumieri from the Persian Gulf, Iran. J Biol Environ Sci. 5(3), 227-234.
  23. Askari Sari A., Velayatzadeh M., Beheshti M., 2012. Determination of heavy metals in Liza abu from Karkheh and bahmanshir Rivers in Khozestan from Iran. Adv Environ Biol. 6(2), 578-848.
  24. AOAC. 2000. Official Method of Analysis. 15th Ed. Assos. Off. Anal. Chem. Washington, D.C.
  25. Eboh L., Mepba H.D., Ekp M.B., 2006. Heavy metal contaminants and processing effects on the composition, storage stability and fatty acid profiles of five common commercially available fish species in Oron Local Government, Nigeria. J Food Chem. 97 (3), 490-497.
  26. Kalay G., Bevis M.J., 2003. Structure and physical property relationships in processed polybutene. J Appl Polymer Sci. 88, 814-824.
  27. Olowu R.A., Ayejuyo O.O., Adewuyi G.U., Adejoro I.A., Denloye A.A.B., Babatunde A.O., Ogundajo A.L., 2010. Determination of heavy metals in fish tissues, water and sediment from Epe and Badagry Lagoons, Lagos, Nigeria. J Chem. 7(1), 215-221.
  28. Okoye B.C.O., 1991. Heavy metals and organisms in the Lagos Lagoon. Int J Environ Stud. 37, 285-292.
  29. Celik U., Oehlenschlager J., 2004, Determination of Zinc and Copper in fish Samples Collected from Northeast Atlantic by DPSAV. J Food Chem. 87, 343-347.
  30. Ozden O., 2010. Seasonal differences in the trace metal and macrominerals in shrimp (Parapenaus longirostris) from Marmara Sea. J Environ Monitor Assess. 162,191-199.
  31. Belitz H.D., Grosch W., Schieberle P., 2001. Lehrbuch der Lebensmittelchemie. Berlin: Springer, 342P.
  32. Sobhanardakani S., Jafari S.M., 2014a. Heavy metals contamination in silver, common and grass carp caught from Zarivar Lake, western Iran. Eur Online J Nat Soc Sci. 3(2), 344- 350.
  33. Cohen T., Que Hee S.S., Ambrose R.F., 2001. Trace metals in fish and invertebrates of three California coastal wetlands. Marine Pollut Bullet. 42(3), 224-232.
  34. Usero J., Izquierdo C., Morillo J., Gracia I., 2004. Heavy metals in fish (Solea vulgaris, Anguilla anguilla and Liza aurata) from salt marshes on the southern Atlantic coast of Spain. Environ Int. 29(7), 949-956.
  35. Sivaperumal P., Sankar T.V., Viswanathan Nair P.G. 2007. Heavy metal concentrations in fish, shellfish and fish products from internal markets of India vis-a-vis international standards. Food Chem. 102(3), 612- 620.
  36. Mohammadi M., Askari Sary A., Khodadadi M., 2012. Accumulation variations of selected heavy metals in Barbus Xanthopterus in Karoon and Dez rivers of Khuzestan, Iran. Iran J Fish Sci. 11(2), 372-382.
  37. Malakootian M., Tahergorabi M., Daneshpajooh M., Amirtaheri K., 2012. Determination of Pb, Cd, Ni, Zn concentration in canned fish in south of Iran. Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences Journal. 16(6), 445-451.
  38. WHO (World Health Organization), 1996. Health criteria other supporting information. In: Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality, 2nd ed. 2, 31-388.
  39. European Commission (EC). Commission Regulation (EC) No 1881/2006. Setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs. Official Journal of the European Communities, L 364, 2006, p. 5)
  40. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Fish and Fishery Products Hazards and Controls Guidance, 4th ed. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services .Center for Food Safety & Applied Nutrition. Chapter 9, Environmental chemical contaminants and pesticides; April 2011 .
  41. United Kingdom Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (UKMAFF). Monitoring and surveillance of non-radioactive contaminants in the aquatic environment and activities regulating the disposal of wastes at sea, 1993. Aquatic Environment Monitoring Report No. 44.
  42. Asgari G.h., Kamarehei B., 2009. Study of heavy metals concentration Cd, Cr, Pb and Ni, in cultured ponds fishes of Khorramabad city in 2006. Yafte J Med Sci. 11(1), 71-78.
  43. Khoshnoud M.J., Mobini K., Javidnia K., Hosseinkhezri P., Aeen jamshid K.h. 2011. Heavy Metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd and Hg) Contents and Fatty Acids Ratios in Two Fish Species (Scomberomorus commerson and Otolithes ruber) of the Persian Gulf. Iran J Pharmac Sci. 7(3), 191-196.
  44. Dural M., Goksu M.Z.L., Ozak A.A., 2007. Investigation of heavy metal levels in economically important fish species captured from the Tuzla Lagoon. Food Chem. 102, 415-421.
  45. .Demirezen D., Uruc K., 2006. Comparative study trace elements in certain fish meat and meat products. J Meat Sci. 74, 255-260.
  46. Canli M., Atli G., 2002. The relationship between heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn) levels and the size of six Mediterranean fish species. J Environ Pollut 121, 129-136.
  47. Burger J., Gaines K.F., Boring C., Stephenes W.L., Snodgrass J., Dixon C. and et al., 2002. Metal levels in fish from the Savannah River: Potential hazards to fish and other receptors. J Environ Res. 89, 85-97.
  48. APHA, AWWA, WEF. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 18th Edn. American public health association. Washington. 1992; pp: 10600A. 3-13.
  49. Schmitt C.J., Brumbaugh W.G., 1990. National contaminant biomonitoring program: concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, selenium, and zinc in US reshwater fish. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 19, 731-747.

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 26 January 2016
  • Revise Date: 06 August 2021
  • Accept Date: 29 October 2018

Share

How to cite

Statistics