Effects of Biological and Chemical Fertilizers Nitrogen on Yield Quality and Quantity in Cumin (Cuminum Cyminum L.)

Authors

Abstract

Considering the importance of medicinal plants growth and biological application of fertilizers with sustainable agricultural production in order to eliminate or reduce chemical input to achieve desirable and sustainable quality, an experimental research was  conducted based on a randomized complete block design with two factors of chemical nitrogen (46% urea nitrogen) at  two levels (Zero, 25 and 50 kg/ha-1), biological nitrogen (Azotobacter) with trade name Nitroxin at 2 levels inoculated and non-inoculated in 2011. The results of analysis of variance showed that the effects of biological fertilizers (Azotobacter) Nitroxin of chemical (urea 46%) nitrogen in different treatments on plant height, umbel number per plant, grain number per umbel, biological yield, grain yield, harvest index (HI) and essential oil yield were significant at P≤0.01. The results showed that the greatest plant highest (28.18 cm), biological yield (201.187 g.m2), grain yield (75.600 g.m2) and essential oil yield (2.115 g.m2) were obtained by a treatment of Nitroxin + chemical nitrogen (25 kg/ha-1). In general, the results of the present study revealed that the application of biological fertilizers plays a remarkable role in improving yield quality and quantity in Cumin and can be viewed as a suitable replacement for chemical fertilizers.

Keywords

References

  1. Abd El-Latif E.S., 2006. Effect of chemical, organic and spraying with active dry yeast on growth, oil production and plant constituents of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) plants. M.Sc. Thesis. Faculty of Agriculture. Cairo University. Egypt.
  2. Akbari niea A., ghalahvanhi A., Safidkon F., Rezaei M.B., Sharif Ashour Abadi A., 2004. Research and construction. 61, 50-32.
  3. Aliyu L., 2003. Effect of manure type and rate on growth, yield and yield components of pepper. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and the Environment. 5, 92ââ‚‌“98.
  4. Ashraf M., Qasim A., Zafar I., 2006. Effect of nitrogen application rate on the content and composition of oil, essential oil and mineral in black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) seeds. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 86, 871ââ‚‌“876.
  5. Azizi. S.J., 2000. Effect of nitrogen on the essence yield in anis plant. Agricultural Sciences. 3 (123), 88-79.
  6. Balasubramanian P., Palaniappan, S.P., 2001. Principles and practices of agronomy; Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd.: New Delhi, India.
  7. Bullock J., 1999. Proposal for gaining information on producing tanacetum (fever few) as a high dollar perennial crop, North Carolina state university publication, Pp: 10.
  8. Darzi M.T., Khodabandeh N., Haj Seyed Hadi M.R., Yasa N., 2001. Effects of sowing date and plant density on seed yield and quantity and quality of active substance of fennel (Foeniculumvulgare). National Congress of Medicinal Plants. Pp: 151-152.
  9. Dordas C.A., Sioulas C., 2008. Safflower yield, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, and water use efficiency response to nitrogen fertilization under rainfed conditions. Industrial Crops and Productss. 27, 75ââ‚‌“85.
  10. Economakis C., Demetzos C., Anastassaki T., Papazoglou V., Gazouli M., Loukis A., Thanos C.A., Harvala C., 1999. Volatile constituents of bracts and leaves of wild and cultivated Origanumdictamnus L. Planta Med. 65, 89ââ‚‌“191.
  11. Fatma E.M., El-Zamik I., Tomader T., El-Hadidy H.I., Abd El-Fattah L., Seham Salem H., 2006. Efficiency of biofertilizers, organic and in organic amendments application on growth and essential oil of marjoram (Majorana hortensis L.) plants grown in sandy and calcareous. Agric. Microbiology Dept., Faculty of Agric., Zagazig University, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt.
  12. Ferrie M., Bethune T., Arganosa G., Waterer D., 2011. Field evaluation of doubled haploid plants in the Apiaceae: dill (Anethumgraveolens L.), caraway (Carumcarvi L.), and fennel (Foeniculumvulgare Mill.). Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture. 104, 407-413.
  13. Gagandeep S., Dhanalakshi E., Mendiz A., Rao R. Kale R., 2003. Chemopreventive effects of Cuminumcyminum L. in chemically induced forestomach and uterine cervix tumors in marine model system. Nutrition and Cancer. 7, 171-180.
  14. Habibi R., Farahani A., Habibi H., 2004. Message Research - Scientific Calendar - Applied Research Center, Agriculture and Natural Resources of Tehran. Pp: 7- 17.
  15. Iacobellis N., Cantore P., Capasso F., Senatores F., 2005. Antibacterial Activity of Cuminumcyminum L. and Carumcarvi L. Essential Oils. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 53, 57-61.
  16. Koocheki A., Tabrizi L., Ghorbani R., 2009. Effect of biofertilizers on agronomic and quality criteria of Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis). Iranian Journal of Agricultural Research. 6(1): 127-137.
  17. Khoram S., Kocheki A., Mahlati M.N., Ghorbani R., 2008. Application effects of biofertilizers on the growth indices of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.). Iranian Journal of Fieled Crops Reasearch. 6(2):285-293.
  18. Kumar S., Choudhary G.R., Chaudhari A.C., 2002. Effects of nitrogen and biofertilizers on the yield and quality of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). Annals of Agricultural Research. 23(4): 634-637.
  19. Malakouti M., Motasharihzaeh J., 2009. Role in increasing the quantitative and qualitative improvement of agricultural, publication Agricultural Education, Karaj. Pp: 113.
  20. Mandel J., Ghanti P., Mahato B., Mondal A.R., Thapa, U., 2003. Journal of Environment and Ecology. 21(3): 712-715.
  21. Migahed H.A., Ahmed A.E., Abdel Ghany B.F., 2004. Effect of different bacterial strains as biofertilizer agents on growth, production and oil of Apium graveolens under calcareous soil. Arab Universities. Journal of Agricultural Science. 12(2): 511-525.
  22. Morton J.F., 1976. Herbs and Spices. New York: Golden Press.
  23. Ozguven M., Ayanglu F., Ozel A., 2006. Effect of nitrogen rates and cutting times on the essential oil yield and components of Origanumsyriacum L. var. bevanii. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 5, 1010ââ‚‌“1105.
  24. Pereira P.A.R., Cavalcante V., ABaldani J.I., Dobereiner J., 1998. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science. 110, 269-274.
  25. Rao E.V.S.P., Singh M., Ganesha Rao R.S., 1998. International Journal of Tropical Agricultural. 6, 95-101.
  26. Requena N., Baca T.M., Azcon R., 1997. Biology and Fertility of Soils. 24, 59-65.
  27. Rezaei Nejad H., Omid-Beigi R., Khademi K., 2000. Effect of N-fertilizer and harvest time on the productivity of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.). Agricultural Research. 2(2): 20-13.
  28. Roy D.K., Singh B.P., 2006. Effect of level and time of nitrogen application with and without vermicompost on yield, yield attributes and quality of malt barley (Hordeum vulgare). Indian Journal of Agronomy. 51, 40-42.
  29. Shaalan M.N., 2005. Influence of biofertilizers and chicken manure on growth, yield and seeds quality of (Nigella sativa L.) plants. Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research. 83, 811-828.
  30. Shalaby A.S., Razin A.M., 1992. Dense cultivation and fertilization for higher yield of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.). Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science. 168, 243-248.
  31. Sinclair T.R., 1998. Historical changes in harvest index and crop nitrogen accumulation. Crop Sciences. 38(3): 638-643.
  32. Tehlan S.K., Thakral K.K., Nandal J.K., 2004. Effect of Azotobacter on plant growth and seed yield of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). Haryana Journal of Horticultural Science. 33(3/4): 287-288.
  33. Thippeswamy N., Akhilender K., 2005. Antioxidant potency of cumin varieties-cumin, black cumin and bitter cumin on antioxidant systems. European Food Research and Technology. 220, 472-476.
  34. Valadabadi S.A., Farahani H.A., 2011. Investigation of biofertilizers influence on quantity and quality characteristics in Nigella sativa L.J. Journal of Horticulture and Forestry. 3(3): 88-92.
  35. Vande Broek A., 1999. Auxins upregulate expression of the indol-3-pyruvate decarboxylase gene in Azospirillum brasilense. Journal of Bacteriology. 181, 1338-1342.
  36. Youssef A.A., Edris A.E., Gomaa A.M., 2004. A comparative study between some plant growth regulators and certain growth hormones producing microorganisms on growth and essential oil composition of Salvia officinalis L. Plant Annals of Agriculture Science. 49, 299-311.

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 14 June 2014
  • Revise Date: 29 November 2021
  • Accept Date: 29 October 2018

Share

How to cite

Statistics