Extraction and Determination of Pb(II) by Organic Functionalisation of Graphenes Adsorbed on Surfactant Coated C18 in Environmental Sample

Authors

1 Department of Chemistry, Varamin( Pishva )Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran

2 Department of Biological Sciences, Varamin( Pishva )Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran

Abstract

A novel, simple, sensitive and effective method has been developed for preconcentration of lead. This solid-phase extraction adsorbent was synthesized by functionalization of graphenes with covalently linked N-methyl-glycine and 3, 4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde onto the surfaces of graphite. The method is based on selective chelation of Pb (II) on surfactant coated C18, modified with functionalization of graphenes (graphene-f-OH). The adsorbed ions were then eluted with 4 ml of 4 M nitric acid and determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) at 283.3 for Pb. The influence of flow rates of sample and eluent solutions, pH, breakthrough volume, effect of foreign ions were investigated on chelation and recovery. 1.5 g of surfactant coated C18 adsorbs 40 mg of the functionalization of graphenes (graphene-f-OH) base which in turn can retain15.2±0.8mg of each of the two ions. The limit of detection (3σ) for Pb(II) was found to be 3.20 ng l -1. The enrichment factor for both ions is 100. The mentioned method was successfully applied on the determination of Pb in different water samples.

Keywords

References

  1. Luoma S.N., 1983. Sci. Total Environ., 28
  2. (1983)1.
  3. Hummers W., Offeman R., 1985. Preparation of
  4. graphitic oxide. J Am Chem
  5. Soc 1958;80:1339.
  6. Kirk R.E., Othmer D.F., Ecyclopedia of Chemical
  7. Technology, Vol. 14, 3rd Ed., John wiley and sons,
  8. New York, 1979.
  9. Parmeggiani L., Encyclopedia of Occupational
  10. Health and Safety, Vol. 1, 3rd., International Labor
  11. Organization, Geneva, 1983.
  12. Choi Y.S., Choi H.S., 2003. Bull. Korean Chem.
  13. Soc., 24, 2003. 222.
  14. Zaijan L., Yuling Y., Jian T., Jiaomai P., Talanta,
  15. , 2003. 123.
  16. Kara D., Alkan M., Cakir U., Turk J.. Chem. 25,
  17. 293.
  18. Sonawale S.B., Ghalsasi Y.V., Argekar A.P.,
  19. Anal. Sci., 17, 2001. 285.
  20. Bourlinos A. B., Georgakilas V., Zboril R., T. A.
  21. Steriotis, Stubos A., Small, 2009. 5, 1841ââ‚‌“1845.
  22. Manzoori J.L., Bavili-Tabrizi A., Microchem J.
  23. ,72, 2002. 1.
  24. Chen J., Teo K.C., 2001. Anal. Chim. Acta, 450
  26. Yuan S., Chen W., Hu S., Talanta, 64, 2004. 922.
  27. Majors R.E., LC-GC 4, 1989. 972.
  28. Park S., Ruoff R. S., Nat. Nanotechnol., 2009. 4,
  30. Lemos V.A., Baliza P.X., Yamaki R.T., Rocha
  31. M.E., Alves A.P.O., Talanta, 61, 2003. 675.
  32. Tokman N., Akman S., Ozcan M., Talanta, 59 ,
  33. 201.
  34. Ibarra L., Jorda C., Effect of a diazide as
  35. adhesive agent in elastomeric matrix-short
  36. polyamide fibers composite. J Appl Polym Sci, 1993.
  37. (3):375ââ‚‌“81.
  38. Zougagh M., Torres A.G.D., Alonso E.V., Povon
  39. J.M.C., Talanta, 62, 2004. 503.
  40. E. Matoso, L. T. Kubota, S. Cadore, Talanta, 60
  41. (2003) 1105.
  42. Karousis N., Sandanayaka A. S. D., Hasobe T.,
  43. Economopoulos S. P., Sarantopouloua E.,
  44. Tagmatarchis N., Mater J.. Chem., 2011. 21, 109.
  45. Smith M. B., March J., Marchââ‚‌™s advanced
  46. organic chemistry: reactions,mechanisms, and
  47. structure. New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2001.
  48. p. 1182ââ‚‌“3.
  49. Mermoux M., Chabre Y., Rousseau A., FTIR
  50. and carbon-13 NMR study of graphite oxide.
  51. Carbon, 1991. 29(3):469ââ‚‌“74.
  52. Cataldo F., Structural analogies and differences
  53. between graphite oxide and C60 and C70 polymeric
  54. oxides (fullerene ozopolymers). Fuller Nanotub Car
  55. N, 2003.11(1):1ââ‚‌“13.
  56. Gunzler H., Gremlich H-U., IR spectroscopy.
  57. Winheim: Wiley-VSH; 2002. p. 223ââ‚‌“7. 25] .H.
  58. effery, Chemical Analysis, 5th ed., John Wiley &
  59. Sons, Inc., New York, 1991.
  60. Abollino O., Aceto M., Sarzanini C., Mentasti E.,
  61. Anal. Chim. Acta, 411, 2000. 233.
  62. Bingye D., Meirong C., Guozhen F., Bing L., Xv
  63. D., Mingfei P., Shuo W., Journal of Hazardous
  64. Materials 219ââ‚‌“ 220, 2012. 103ââ‚‌“ 110.
  65. Groschner M., Appriou P., Anal. Chim. Acta,
  66. , 1994. 369.
  67. Lewis B L., Landing W.M., Mar. Chem., 40
  68. ,1992. 105.
  69. Stankovich S., Piner R. D., Nguyen S. T., Ruoff
  70. R.S., Carbon 44, 2006. 3342ââ‚‌“3347.
  71. Nayebi P., Moghimi A., 2006. Oriental Journal
  72. of Chemistry 22(3)(2006)507.
  73. Moghimi A., 2006. Oriental Journal of
  74. Chemistry 22(3)(2006)527.
  75. 3Dilovic I., Rubcic M., Vrdoljak V., Pavelic S.
  76. K., Kralj M., Piantanidab I., Cindrica M., Bioorg
  77. Med Chem., 2008. 16, 518
  78. 34. Georgakilas V., Bourlinos A.B., Zboril R., Steriotis
  79. T. A., Dallas P., Stubos A. K., Trapalis C., Organic
  80. functionalisation of graphenes Chem. Commun.,
  81. 46, 1766ââ‚‌“1768
Journal of Chemical Health Risks

Volume 3, Issue 3
Summer 2013

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 07 December 2013
  • Revise Date: 22 October 2020
  • Accept Date: 29 October 2018

Share

How to cite

Statistics